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Oral (), Uralsk ((ロシア語:Уральск)) in Russian, formerly known as Yaitsk (Russian: ''Яицк'', until 1775), is a city in northwestern Kazakhstan, at the confluence of the Ural and Chogan Rivers close to the Russian border. As it is located on the western side of the Ural river, it is considered geographically in Europe. It is the capital of the West Kazakhstan Region. Ethnic composition is dominated by Kazakhs (60%). Population: Oral is an agricultural and industrial center, and has been an important trade stop since its founding. Barge traffic has passed up and down the Ural River between the Caspian Sea and the Ural Mountains for centuries. Today it is one of the major entry points for rail traffic from Europe to Siberia, servicing the many new oil fields in the Caspian basin and the industrial cities of the southern Urals. It is served by Oral Ak Zhol Airport. ==History== Oral, founded in 1613 by Cossacks, was originally named ''Yaitsk'', after the ''Yaik river'', the name of the Ural river at the time. Because the Yaik Cossacks (Ural Cossacks) sided with the insurrectionists during the rebellions of Stenka Razin and Pugachev, Empress Catherine II declared on January 15, 1775 that the Yaik river would henceforth be renamed the Ural River and Yaitsk would be known as Uralsk. The city was captured by Pugachev, and its fortress besieged from December 30, 1773 to April 17, 1774. Czarist troops under Commander Mantsurov took the city after Golytsin had taken the city of Orenburg from the rebel forces. Pushkin visited the city with his friend Vladimir Dahl in September 1833 while doing research for his book ''The History of Pugachev'' and his novel ''The Captain's Daughter''. The city was under siege imposed by Cossaks during the Russian Civil War. Mikhail Frunze, Vasily Chapaev and Georgy Zhukov participated in the defence. Uralsk was renamed ''Oral'' (it is never officially renamed to Oral. Oral is a Kazakh translation of Uralsk) after the independence of Kazakhstan in 1991. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Oral, Kazakhstan」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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